The Outsider

"Folly Bridge?(Uncollected Number 231) It is collect5ed in the Sussex Edition, Volume 30, page 119. It is also reprinted in KJ 134/05.

The Story

This story was written only a few months after the British army had suffered a series of humiliating reverses at the hands of the Boers during the Second South African War. It is a sustained attack on the ill-preparedness, complacency, and incompetence of some of the exclusive regiments sent out to fight by the British goverment.

An inexperienced and snobbish young British officer finds himself Station Commandant at an isolated spot, where a party of somewhat irregular engineers are repairing a bridge that had been blown up by the enemy. Steeped in the ancient traditions of the old County regiments of the regular army, he is smartly rurned out, and has an excessively high opinion of himself and of the traditions of his regiment. Of the practicalities of soldiering in South Africa he knows nothing.

Failing to understand that the engineers repairing the bridge are not under his command, he takes upon himself to interfere with the work, with disastrous consequences. He is given a monumental reprimand by a Colonel of the Royal Engineers, and sent to a desk job at the base more suited to his limited intelligence.

The verse heading is a parody of “From Greenland’s Icy Mountains?, a familiar hymn to any member of the Church of England, by Bishop Reginald Heber (1783-1826) It is recorded as 'Uncollected No. 755A' in ORGpage 5387. It makes it clear that British military failure is the keynote of the tale.

Notes on the Text

Stormberg an event of Black Week, 10-15 December 1899, during the Second South African War, when the British Army suffered three humiliating defeats by the Boer Republics at the battles of Stormberg, Magersfontein and Colenso,

Sanna’s Post another British military disaster outside Bloemfontein in 1900 during the South African War, when the British lost many men and guns in an ambush.

Magersfontein another of the British defeats of 'Black Week' in December 1899, like Stormbergabove

Durban Road The main arterial road (now the N3) runs to Durban on the east coast from Johannesburg via Pietermaritzburg.

Paarl a pleasant residential district north-east of Cape Town

kraal a native settlement in southern Africa, usually consisting of huts surrounded by a fence or stockade.

Royal Rutlandshire Regiment a fictitious infantry regiment, typical of the old-style regular British Army.

Pretoria a city in the Northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa - one of the country's three capital cities, serving as the executive (administrative) and national capital; the others are Cape Town, the legislative capital, and Bloemfontein, the judicial capital.

Rand short for Witwatersrand, a sedimentary range of hills, at an elevation of 1700-1800 metres above sea-level, which runs in an east-west direction through Gauteng in South Africa. The word in Afrikaans means "the ridge of white waters". The "Rand" or "reef", as it is sometimes known, is famous for being the source of 40% of the gold ever mined from the earth.

Army and Navy Stores A celebrated department store in central London, see “The Army of a Dream? (Traffics and Discoveries, page 244 line 32.) Setton would have obtained his uniforms from the regimental tailor – the Stores would probably have provided his camp equipment and sports gear.

Two hundred pounds over £15,000 at present day values. This seems rather excessive; perhaps the vicar was being unduly pessimistic.

viva voce a verbal examination. (Latin). Walter had not distinguished himself, and was clearly of limited intelligence.

a curiosity the businessman had evidently no intention of giving Walter a job, even at this lowly salary, but obviouly considered the letter a prime example of snobbery.

eighteen shillings a week the equivalent of about £70 today

gathered to her mothers died – an echo of Genesis 15.15 and elsewhere in the Old Testament: 'gathered to his fathers',

Thumper’s Deep a mine.

two thousand stand of arms a somewhat old-fashioned expression signifying rifles and bayonets with associated equipment. The British in the Transvaal had been contemplating rebellion against the Boers, and hiding weapons down in their mines, as the goverment had discovered. See 'a Raid' below.

thirty-odd thousand pounds some £2.3 Million today.

Johannesburg (left) (pronounced /jo-han'is-bûrg'/) or Joburg for short - the largest city in South Africa and the centre of a large-scale gold and diamond trade.

a Raid The 'Jameson Raid' on December 29, 1895 - January 2, 1896 on Paul Kruger's Transvaal Republic, carried out by Leander Starr Jameson and his Rhodesian and Bechuanaland police. Its aim was to start an uprising by the British in the Transvaal and overthrow the Boer government, but it failed to do so.

Following the abortive Raid, Jameson(right)(1853-1917) was returned to England for trial, and sentenced to 15 months in jail, but was soon pardoned. After the war he was active in politics in South Africa, and became Prime Minister of the Cape.

Jameson was greatly admired by Kipling, and inspired his most famous poem "If—". See Charles Carrington, page 228.

Uitlanders Cape Dutch for 'outsiders' or 'foreigners', they were the non-Dutch, mainly British, settlers in the Transvaal. They were virtually disenfranchised, but were obliged to pay taxes, and had a strong sense of grievance. Jameson's bold but unsuccessful adventure was carried out on their behalf, but they failed to rise after the Raid, which was one of the main causes of the war.

Marquesas Islands an archipelago in the South Pacific.

bumble-puppy A muddle. Literally whist played with a certain lack of rigour; also a game with a tennis-ball tied to a pole; a metaphor for a muddle !

Oom Paul 'Uncle Paul' (right)Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger (1825-1904) was President of the Transvaal from 1883-1900, and the dominant leader of the Boers in the wars against the British.

stamps part of the machinery for crushing ore

cyanide process also called the MacArthur-Forrest process, a metallurgical technique for extracting gold from ore by converting the gold to water soluble aurocyanide metallic complex ions. It is the most commonly used process for gold extraction but the poisonous cyanide makes it very dangerous. .

furlong 220 yards or about 200 metres.

a kaffir's carelessness 'kaffir' was a derogatory general term for the native peoples of Southern Africa; not now used.

typhoid see Dr. Gillian Sheehan’s notes.

Commissioner Street a major thoroughfare in the Central Business District of Johannesburg,

Sandhurst The military acadeny where young would-be officers were trained for the British Army.

Dissent Generally speaking, those who belong to nonconformist congregations outside the Church of England. Conservative-minded Anglicans saw non-conformists as their social inferiors. Kipling was descended from Methodist ministers, and did not have great sympathy for this view.

avatars Hindu deities assuming human appearance.

Home Counties the English counties around London, Essex, Hertfordshire, Surrey, Kent, and Middlesex. Some would add Sussex and Buckinghamshire. Life in yhe Home Counties was rather more comfortable than in most other parts of Britain.

Channel the narrow seaway between England and France, known to the British as the English Channel, and to the French as la manche, 'the sleeve'.

Komati Poort 58 miles from Lourenço Marques in Mozambique.

Hollander Durch, Boer.

valise a leather travelling-bag.

Delagoa Bay At that time in Portuguese terrritory, now Maputo Bay (Baia de Maputo), an inlet of the Indian Ocean on the coast of Mozambique,

Adderley Street (right) the famous main street of the central business district in Cape Town, with markets, the main railway station, shops, restaurants and offices.

Railway Volunteers There were many locally-raised formations in this war. With their local knowledge and languages, these men would have been an effective unit, but it might have been better to make them a Company within the Royal Engineers, and to have commissioned Thrupp as well as Hagan. (But then, of course, there would have been no story.)

Cavalry Brigade usually two or more regiments of cavalry.

Salisbury a cathedral town in Wiltshire on the edge of Salisbury Plain, and an important military centre.

up to Town up to London.

Transvaal The Republic set up by the Boers in the 1840's, north of the Vaal river, where they sought independence free of British control or influence.

Mount Nelson a comfotable hotel at the Cape, mentioned in several stories.

Badajos ... Talavera battles of the Peninsular War (1808-1814).

Inkerman a battle of the Crimean War (1853-1856)

Toulouse one of the final battles of the Napoleonic Wars in 1814.

Tel–el-Kebir a battle between the Egyptians and the British in 1882 - some scenes from which are included in The Light that Failed. See Charles Carrington, p. 45.

'up, boys and at ‘em' A rallying cry attributed to the Duke of Wellington (see below) as 'Up, Guards, and at them again !

Southsea, Chichester, Canterbury Garrisons in England where he had served.

the Long Valley an area near Aldershot in Hampshire used for military training.

Mauser a German bolt-action rifle dating from the 1870s used to considerable effect by the Boer commandos.

donga a river-bed

flanked attacked from the side

smite water from rocks a miracle, echoing Numbers, 20,11: ' And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank.'

Pipkameelepompfontein an unlikely name for a (probably) fictitious place , but many villages around Bloemfontein have names ending in fontein, meaning 'spring' or 'fountain'. (Readers of John Buchan will remember Blauwildebeestefontein, ' the spring of the blue wildebeeste', in Prester John.

Bloemfontein An important strategic centre in the war, capital of the Orange Free State and scene of Kipling’s brief return to work on a newspaper - The Friend of Bloemfontein.

Railway Pioneer Corps see Railway Vulunteers above.

Day of Judgment In Christian tradition, the day when all souls are finally judged, and the wicked get their deserts. see Revelation 20,12–15.

Marroo a variety of seedless grape – other information will be appreciated (Ed.).

did not know a spike from a chair Two methods of fixing railway-lines to the sleepers, the timber beams on which the lines rest. A flat-bottomed rail can be secured with a large nail - a 'spike' - with a head that holds the flange to the sleeper; a 'chair' is a socket bolted to the sleeper which contains and supports the rail, which is kept in place by a hardwood wedge known as a 'key'.

construe in this context the daily schoolroom task of translating Latin or Greek into English. See "Regulus? (A Diversity of Creatures). .

Folly Bridge see the text and notes in this Guide.

karroo-bush probably Acacia karroo.

Naauwport an important railway junction near Colesberg.

temporary cribs timber structures to support work in progress

twelve hundred pounds a year The equivalnt of some £88,000 today.

Colonel Palling, R.E. a senior officer in the Royal Engineers.

the Dook the nickname for the Duke of Wellington (1769-1852), the great soldier and statesman. But here probably the Duke of Cambridge (1819-1904) Commander-in-Chief of the British Army 1856-1895.

General Mike … Stinkersdrift A fictitious officer and a fictional place.

pull-through a cord with a small brass weight used for cleaning a rifle. The weight is dropped down the barrel with a piece of cotton cloth soaked in oil in the loop and is pulled through.

Numdah and Bootlace Issue a fictitious Department. A numdah(various spellings), from the Persian namad, is a woollen or felt saddle-cloth. (Hobson-Jobson)

[J H McG]

©John McGivering 2009 All rights reserved

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version for printing

the story

"The Outsider"

(notes edited
by John McGivering)

[April 9th 2009]

Publication

ORG Volume 5, page 2557 records the first publication of this story (Uncollected No. 232) in the Daily Express, (London) on June 19, 20 and 21, 1900, in The People’s Friend, (Dundee) on 25 June, and then in McClure’s Magazine (New York) for July, 1900. It is the third of the four stories of the South African War mentioned in the Headnote to