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Notes on the text These notes, by John McGivering, are partly new, and partly based on the ORG. The medical notes have been contributed by Dr. Gillian Sheehan, M.B., B.Ch.,B.A.O. The page and line numbers below refer to the Macmillan (London) Standard Edition of Plain Tales from the Hills, as published and frequently reprinted between 1899 and 1950. |
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[June 9 2003]
[Heading] Collected in the Sussex Edition and Definitive Verse, attributed to “From the Dusk to the Dawn”: Kipling published a story under this name in the Civil and Military Gazette of 14 September 1886 which is in the Crofts Collection. The heading to that story is in prose
and they shall say in the Morning "Would God it were Evening" and in the Evening "Would God it were Morning."This was recast in verse in "The Hymn to Physical Pain" (Verse 5) of 1932 which was collected with "The Tender Achilles" in Limits and Renewals.
churel the particularly malignant ghost of a woman who has died in child-bed see Kim (p.197, line 8)
ghoul Arabic ghul, Persian ghol - a goblin or man-devouring demon. [Hobson-Jobson]
Djinn a class of spirits in Mohammedan mythology, formed of fire in various shapes, sometimes as huge men of portentous ugliness, see "How the Camel got his Hump" in Just So Stories.
[Page 144, line 1] the Taksali Gate in the West wall of Lahore City, near the corner of the old Fort. There are several references in Kim, but not to the Taksal which was the Mint, in use when many provincial cities issued their own coinage.
[Page 144, line 7] Seal-cutter a craftsman who engraves signet-rings or seals for making an impression on wax to close letters or seal documents.
[Page 144, line 11] black-and-tan terrier maybe a "Manchester" terrier, a sporting little dog favoured by soldiers at the time. See "Private Learoyd's Story" in Soldiers Three.
[Page 145, line 1] Edwardes Sir Herbert Benjamin Edwardes,(1819-1868) Soldier, diplomat and administrator who played a vital part in the Punjab at the time of the Mutiny.
[Page 145, line 12] Kashmiris from the state bordering the Punjab, some 200 miles North of Lahore.
[Page 145, line 17] Bareilly 150 miles East of Delhi.
[Page 145, line 18] extortionate oppressive, charges high prices.
adulterator one who dilutes goods with something inferior, perhaps sand in the sugar, water in the milk and chalk in the flour.
[Page 145, line 23] Me this is the Author and Narrator, but as Dr. J.M.S. Tompkins warns us: This character (the "I" of the tales) is sometimes indistinguishable from Kipling the writer, but by no means always. [The Art of Rudyard Kipling, p. xiv]
[Page 145, line 32] pleurisy an inflammation of the pleura, the covering of the lung. It may be secondary to such pulmonary conditions as pneumonia, tuberculosis, carcinoma and infarct, or to pericarditis of a rib, or peritonitis. Pain in the side, made worse by breathing is the most characteristic symptom. (William Boyd, A Textbook of Pathology, 8th ed. 1973) [G.S.]
[Page 146, line 2] Peshawar frontier city and garrison some twenty miles from the foot of the Khyber Pass between India and Afghanistan.
[Page 146, line 16] Ranjit Singh's tomb outside the North-West corner of Lahore City and fort. He was the founder of the Sikh kingdom and took Lahore as his capital in 1799.
[Page 146, line 23] Huzuri Bagh a garden nearby.
[Page 146, line 26] Sikar the government or supreme authority, from the Persian sarkar, head (of) affairs. [Hobson-Jobson]
This is probably the reference to Section 420 of the Indian Penal Code referred to in the original title of this story, which, from the context, obviously prohibits the obtaining of pecuniary advantage by false pretences. [We have sought more precise information from the Indian Institute at Oxford and will publish the reply when received: Ed.]
[Page 146, line 27] the Empress of India Queen Victoria was so proclaimed in 1877.
[Page 146, line 30] so far from magic being discouraged... This is sarcasm that readers of the time would have recognised. Financial management could readily be seen as a black art, and the Government interfered with the rate of exchange from time to time, with a detrimental effect on people's incomes.
[Page 147, line 3] jadoo magic, from the Persian jaddu.
[Page 147, line 23] between 100 and 200 rupees A substantial sum, about six months' pay for a household servant.
[Page 148, line 14] huqas water-pipes, from the Arabic hukkah. One is illustrated (from Kim) in our notes to "His Chance in Life" .
[Page 149, line 31] breathing seventy to the minute the normal rate is twelve.
[Page 150, line 8] thermantidote a primitive form of air-conditioning with a fan inside , worked by hand, which drives a current of air cooled by passing through wet grass mats into a bedroom. It is described in British Life in India [Ed.R.V.Vernède, Oxford 1996, p. 73] thus:
a fearsome machine nine feet long, four feet broad and seven feet high, which sat on the verandah outside a window. The window was removed and in its place a grass mat was fixed. A hole was cut in this to take a funnel projecting from the thermantidote. Inside were four fans turned by hand which drove the air into the room. To cool the air two large circular holes were cut in the side of this infernal machine in which grass mats were fixed and water was dripped from perforated troughs above onto these mats, and the surplus water fell into other troughs below to be used again in the troughs above. Its chief defect was that it required at least six coolies to work it, not to mention reserves. Later this was reduced to two men by making the water cooling automatic.[Page 150, line 31] the Prince of Wales Albert Edward, (1841–1910) later King Edward VII. of Great Britain and Ireland, etc., Emperor of India.
[Page 151, line 13] Poe Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849) American poet and author: the story in question is "Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" (1845) sometimes known as "Mesmerism tried on a Man at the Point of Death", and is just that, the man speaking in a hideous voice when apparently dead. See Poe’s Tales of Mystery and Imagination.
[Page 151, line 28] teraphin (or teraphim) household deities worshipped by Israelites, Armenians (Genesis, 35, 2,4} and others. Their use is generally connected with divination ( Ezekiel, 21,21} and they may at one time have been mummified human heads.
[Page 152, line 12] Lazarus Jesus raised him from the dead.(St. John, Chapters 11 and 12.)
[Page 152, line 14] a woman of masculine intellect condescension by the author, not untypical among men of his time, who would have considered it a compliment.
[Page 152, line 15] ‘Asli nahin ! Fareib !’ Not genuine ! a fraud ! ( or perhaps ‘A trick !’)
[Page 153, line 4] bunnia shopkeeper.
[Page 153, line 10] mantras spells.
[Page 153, line 28] cow-devourer they are Hindus who hold cattle to be sacred; in Kim (Chapter 1) the boy drives a bull away from the shop of the vegetable-seller, and so gets the Lama’s begging-bowl filled.
[Page 153, line 30] lightning-post the electric telegraph.
[Page 154, line 30] white arsenic Janoo will probably poison the seal-cutter as a way out of her difficulties.
[J. McG.]
